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| DIAMETER LENGHT mm | M10 | M12 | M14 | M16 | M18 | M20 | M22 | M24 | M27 | M30 | M33 | M36 | M39 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | 5,6 | 8,1 | 12 | 15,6 | |||||||||
| 70 | 6,1 | 8,9 | 13 | 16,9 | 23,7 | ||||||||
| 80 | 6,6 | 9,6 | 14 | 18,2 | 25,4 | 32,5 | |||||||
| 90 | 7,1 | 10,3 | 15 | 19,6 | 27,1 | 34,5 | 45,5 | ||||||
| 100 | 7,6 | 11 | 16 | 21 | 28,8 | 36,7 | 47,2 | 54,2 | |||||
| 110 | 8,1 | 11,7 | 17 | 22,2 | 30,4 | 38,7 | 48,3 | 58,2 | 80 | ||||
| 120 | 8,6 | 12,4 | 18 | 23,6 | 32,1 | 40,7 | 50,9 | 60,2 | 84,7 | 107 | |||
| 130 | 9,1 | 13,2 | 19 | 24,9 | 33,7 | 42,8 | 53,4 | 63,2 | 88,6 | 111 | 141 | ||
| 140 | 9,6 | 14,2 | 20 | 26,2 | 35,4 | 44,9 | 55,9 | 66,2 | 92,4 | 116 | 147 | 185 | |
| 150 | 10,1 | 14,9 | 20,8 | 27,5 | 36,9 | 46,9 | 58,5 | 69,2 | 96,3 | 121 | 153 | 192 | 237 |
| 160 | 10,6 | 15,6 | 21,8 | 29,1 | 38,6 | 49 | 61 | 72,2 | 100,1 | 126 | 159 | 199 | 245 |
| 170 | 16,4 | 22,8 | 30,4 | 40,2 | 51,1 | 63,5 | 75,2 | 104 | 130 | 165 | 206 | 253 | |
| 180 | 23,8 | 31,8 | 41,9 | 52,3 | 66,1 | 78,1 | 108 | 135 | 171 | 213 | 261 | ||
| 190 | 33,1 | 43,5 | 54,4 | 68,4 | 81,1 | 112 | 140 | 176 | 219 | 269 | |||
| 200 | 34,5 | 45,2 | 56,2 | 71 | 84 | 116 | 144 | 182 | 226 | 278 | |||
| 210 | 35,8 | 46,8 | 58,5 | 73,5 | 88,4 | 120 | 149 | 188 | 233 | 286 | |||
| 220 | 37,1 | 48,4 | 60,6 | 76,1 | 91,4 | 124 | 154 | 194 | 240 | 294 | |||
| 230 | 38,5 | 50,1 | 62,6 | 78,6 | 94,4 | 127 | 159 | 201 | 247 | 302 | |||
| 240 | 39,8 | 51,7 | 64,7 | 81,2 | 97,4 | 130,9 | 164 | 208 | 253 | 310 | |||
| 250 | 41,1 | 53,4 | 66,8 | 83,7 | 100,4 | 134,8 | 172 | 214 | 260 | 319 | |||
| 260 | 55 | 68,8 | 86,3 | 103,4 | 138,6 | 177 | 220 | 267 | 327 | ||||
| 270 | 56,6 | 70,9 | 88,8 | 106,4 | 142,5 | 182 | 224 | 274 | 335 | ||||
| 280 | 58,3 | 73 | 91,4 | 109,4 | 146,3 | 187 | 230 | 281 | 343 | ||||
| 290 | 75 | 93,9 | 112,4 | 150,1 | 192 | 236 | 291 | 360 | |||||
| 300 | 77,1 | 96,5 | 115,4 | 154 | 196 | 241 | 298 | 368 | |||||
| 320 | 101,6 | 121,3 | 161,7 | 206 | 253 | 312 | 380 | ||||||
| 340 | 127,3 | 169,4 | 215 | 265 | 326 | 395 | |||||||
| 360 | 133,3 | 177,1 | 224 | 276 | 340 | 411 | |||||||
| 380 | 184,8 | 234 | 288 | 353 | 428 | ||||||||
| 400 | 192,5 | 243 | 299 | 367 | 444 | ||||||||
| 420 | 252 | 311 | 381 | 460 | |||||||||
| 440 | 262 | 322 | 394 | 477 | |||||||||
| 460 | 271 | 334 | 408 | 493 | |||||||||
| 480 | 281 | 345 | 422 | 509 | |||||||||
| 500 | 290 | 357 | 436 | 526 |
| DIAMETER in. LENGHT mm | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 1 | 1.1/8 | 1.1/4 | 1.3/8 | 1.1/2 | 1.5/8 | 1.3/4 | 1.7/8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.1/2 | 10.8 | |||||||||||
| 2.3/4 | 11.6 | 19.8 | ||||||||||
| 3.1/4 | 12.4 | 21 | 32.4 | |||||||||
| 3.1/2 | 13.2 | 22.2 | 34.3 | 50 | ||||||||
| 4 | 14 | 23.4 | 36.2 | 52.6 | 71.8 | |||||||
| 4.1/2 | 14.8 | 24.6 | 38.1 | 55.2 | 75.2 | 102 | ||||||
| 4.3/4 | 15.6 | 25.8 | 40 | 57.8 | 78.6 | 106 | 137 | |||||
| 5 | 16.4 | 27 | 41.9 | 60.4 | 82 | 111 | 142 | 179 | ||||
| 5.1/2 | 17.2 | 28.2 | 43.8 | 63 | 85.4 | 115 | 147 | 186 | 234 | |||
| 6 | 18 | 29.4 | 45.7 | 65.6 | 88.8 | 119 | 153 | 193 | 242 | 289 | ||
| 6.1/4 | 18.8 | 30.6 | 47.6 | 68.2 | 92.2 | 123 | 158 | 200 | 250 | 298 | 263 | |
| 6.1/2 | 19.6 | 32.3 | 49.5 | 70.8 | 95.6 | 128 | 164 | 206 | 258 | 308 | 374 | 437 |
| 7 | 20.4 | 33.5 | 50.8 | 73.4 | 99 | 132 | 169 | 213 | 266 | 317 | 385 | 449 |
| 7.1/2 | 21.2 | 34.8 | 52.7 | 75.5 | 103 | 136 | 174 | 220 | 275 | 326 | 396 | 462 |
| 8 | 22 | 36.1 | 54.5 | 78 | 106 | 141 | 180 | 226 | 283 | 336 | 407 | 475 |
| 8.1/4 | 37.3 | 56.3 | 80.5 | 108 | 145 | 185 | 233 | 291 | 345 | 418 | 488 | |
| 8.3/4 | 38.6 | 58.1 | 83.1 | 112 | 149 | 191 | 240 | 299 | 354 | 429 | 500 | |
| 9 | 39.8 | 60 | 85.6 | 115 | 153 | 196 | 246 | 307 | 364 | 440 | 513 | |
| 9.1/2 | 41.1 | 61.8 | 88.2 | 118 | 158 | 201 | 253 | 316 | 373 | 451 | 526 | |
| 10 | 63.7 | 90.7 | 122 | 162 | 206 | 260 | 324 | 382 | 463 | 538 | ||
| 10/1.4 | 93.3 | 125 | 166 | 212 | 267 | 332 | 391 | 474 | 551 | |||
| 1.0.1/2 | 128 | 171 | 217 | 273 | 340 | 401 | 485 | 564 | ||||
| 11 | 132 | 175 | 223 | 279 | 345 | 410 | 496 | 576 | ||||
| 11.1/2 | 135 | 179 | 228 | 285 | 350 | 419 | 507 | 589 | ||||
| 12 | 138 | 184 | 233 | 292 | 358 | 429 | 518 | 602 |
US Bolts | |||||
| Head Marking | Grade and Material | Nominal Size Range (inches) | Mechanical Properties | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proof Load (psi) | Min. Yield Strength (psi) | Min. Tensile Strength (psi) | |||
![]() No Markings | Grade 2Low or medium carbon steel | 1/4" thru 3/4" | 55,000 | 57,000 | 74,000 |
| Over 3/4" thru 1-1/2" | 33,000 | 36,000 | 60,000 | ||
![]() 3 Radial Lines | Grade 5Medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered | 1/4" thru 1" | 85,000 | 92,000 | 120,000 |
| Over 1" thru 1-1/2" | 74,000 | 81,000 | 105,000 | ||
![]() 6 Radial Lines | Grade 8Medium carbon alloy steel, quenched and tempered | 1/4" thru 1-1/2" | 120,000 | 130,000 | 150,000 |
![]() | Grade A325Carbon or Alloy Steel with or without Boron | 1/2" thru 1-1/2" | 85,000 | 92,000 | 120,000 |
| Stainless markings vary. Most stainless is non-magnetic | 18-8 StainlessSteel alloy with 17-19% Chromium and 8-13% Nickel | All Sizes thru 1" | 20,000 Min. 65,000 Typical | 65,000 Min. 100,000 – 150,000 Typical | |
Metric Bolts | |||||
| Head Marking | Class and Material | Nominal Size Range (mm) | Mechanical Properties | ||
| Proof Load (MPa) | Min. Yield Strength (MPa) | Min. Tensile Strength (MPa) | |||
![]() | Class 8.8Medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered | All Sizes below 16mm | 580 | 640 | 800 |
| 16mm - 72mm | 600 | 660 | 830 | ||
![]() | Class 10.9Alloy steel, quenched and tempered | 5mm - 100mm | 830 | 940 | 1040 |
![]() | Class 12.9Alloy steel, quenched and tempered | 1.6mm - 100mm | 970 | 1100 | 1220 |
| Stainless markings vary. Most stainless is non-magnetic. Usually stamped A-2. | A-2 StainlessSteel alloy with 17- 19% chromium and 8-13% nickel | All Sizes thru 20mm | 210 Min. | 500 Min. | |
Tensile Strength: The maximum load in tension (pulling apart) which a material can withstand before breaking or fracturing. Yield Strength: The maximum load at which a material exhibits a specific permanent deformation Proof Load: An axial tensile load which the product must withstand without evidence of any permanent set. 1MPa = 1N/mm2 = 145 pounds/inch2 | |||||
In Petro and chemical industry for flange connections Stud Bolt and Hex Bolts are used. The Stud Bolt is a threaded rod with 2 heavy hexagon nuts, while the Hex Bolt has a head with one nut. Nuts and head are both six sided.
The quantity of bolts for a flange connection will be given by the number of bolt holes in a flange, diameter and length of bolts is dependent of flange type and Pressure Class of flange.
Stud Bolt length are defined in ASME B16.5 standard. The length in inches is equal to the effective thread length measured parallel to the axis, from the first to the first thread without the chamfers (points). First thread is defined as the intersection of the major diameter of the thread with the base of the point.
Notes:
Bolts threading are defined in ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads, (UN and UNR Thread Form). The most common thread is a symmetrical form with a V-profile. The included angle is 60°. This form is widely used in the Unified thread (UN, UNC, UNF, UNRC, UNRF) form as the ISO / metric threads.
The advantage of a symmetrical threads is that they are easier to produce and inspect compared with non-symmetrical threads. These are typically used in general-purpose fasteners.
Thread series cover designations of diameter/pitch combinations that are measured by the number of threads per inch (TPI) applied to a single diameter.
STANDARD THREAD PITCHES
Hex nuts (dimensional data) are defined in ASME B18.2.2, and even as bolts the threading in ASME B1.1. Depending on a customer specification, nuts must be both sites chamfered or with on one side a washer-face.
Dimensions of above mentioned nuts, can be found on page Heavy Hex Nuts of this website.
THE HEIGHT OF A NUT FOR A STUD BOLT IS THE SAME AS THE DIAMETER OF THE THREAD RODDimensions from Stud Bolt are defined in the ASME B16.5 standard. The material qualities for studs are defined in the different ASTM standards, and are indicated by Grade. Frequently used grades are A193 for thread rods and A194 for the nuts.
ASTM A193 covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
ASTM A194 covers a variety of carbon, alloy, and martensitic and austenitic stainless steel nuts. These nuts are intended for high-pressure or high-temperature service, or both.
Thread rods and nuts must be marked by the manufacturer with a unique identifier to identify the manufacturer or private label distributor, as appropriate. Below a number of ASTM examples.
Below a table with materials and grades for flanges, thread rods (bolts) and nuts, arranged on design temperature, flanges, thread rods and recommended nuts.
| DESIGN TEMP. | FLANGES | GRADE THREAD RODS | GRADE NUTS |
| -195° to 102°C | ASTM A182 Gr. F304, F304L, F316, F316L, F321, F347 | A320 Gr.B8 Class2 | A194 Gr.8A |
| -101° to -47°C | ASTM A350 Gr.LF3 | A320 Gr.L7 | A194 Gr.7 |
| -46° to -30°C | ASTM A350 Gr.LF2 | A320 Gr.L7 | A194 Gr.7 |
| -29° to 427°C | ASTM A105 | A193 Gr.B7 | A194 Gr.2H |
| 428° to 537°C | ASTM A182 Gr.F11, F22 | A193 Gr.B16 | A194 Gr.2H |
| 538° to 648°C | ASTM A182 Gr.F11, F22 | A193 Gr.B8 Class1 | A194 Gr.8A |
| 649° to 815°C | ASTM A182 Gr. F304H, F316H | A193 Gr.B8 Class1 | A194 Gr.8A |
| DESIGN TEMP. | FLGS | GRADE THREAD RODS | GRADE NUTS |
Our metric stud bolt to nut table is meant to help determine the correct size bolt or nut for your purpose. Definitions of terms are located below the chart. Use the dimensions of your bolt to determine the appropriate size nut. The bolt chart provides both US and metric sizes.
| NOM. DIA. |
PITCH mm |
DIAMETER mm |
DIAMETER inch |
NUT Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M10 | 1.5 | 10 | 0.3937 | 17 |
| M12 | 1.75 | 12 | 0.4724 | 19 |
| M14 | 2 | 14 | 0.5512 | 22 |
| M16 | 2 | 16 | 0.6299 | 24 |
| M18 | 2.5 | 18 | 0.7087 | 27 |
| M20 | 2.5 | 20 | 0.7874 | 30 |
| M22 | 2.5 | 22 | 0.8661 | 32 |
| M24 | 3 | 24 | 0.9449 | 36 |
| M27 | 3 | 27 | 1.063 | 41 |
| M30 | 3.5 | 30 | 1.1811 | 46 |
| M33 | 3.5 | 33 | 1.2992 | 50 |
| M36 | 4 | 36 | 1.4173 | 55 |
| M39 | 4 | 39 | 1.5354 | 60 |
| M42 | 4.5 | 42 | 1.6535 | 65 |
| M45 | 4.5 | 45 | 1.7717 | 70 |
| M48 | 5 | 48 | 1.8898 | 75 |
| M52 | 5 | 52 | 2.0472 | 80 |
| M56 | 5.5 | 56 | 2.2047 | 85 |
| M60 | 5.5 | 60 | 2.3622 | 90 |
| M64 | 6 | 64 | 2.5197 | 95 |
| M68 | 6 | 68 | 2.6772 | 100 |
| M72 | 6 | 72 | 2.8346 | 105 |
| M76 | 6 | 76 | 2.9921 | 110 |
| M80 | 6 | 80 | 3.1496 | 115 |
| M85 | 6 | 85 | 3.3464 | 120 |
| M90 | 6 | 90 | 3.5433 | 130 |
| M100 | 6 | 100 | 3.937 | 145 |
| M110 | 6 | 110 | 4.3307 | 155 |
| M125 | 6 | 125 | 4.9212 | 180 |
| M140 | 6 | 140 | 5.5118 | 200 |
| M160 | 6 | 160 | 6.2992 | 230 |
| NOM. DIA. |
PITCH mm |
DIAMETER mm |
DIAMETER inch |
NUT Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M16 | 1.5 | 16 | 0.6299 | 24 |
| M18 | 2 | 18 | 0.7087 | 27 |
| M18 | 1.5 | 18 | 0.7087 | 27 |
| M20 | 2 | 20 | 0.7874 | 30 |
| M20 | 1.5 | 20 | 0.7874 | 30 |
| M22 | 2 | 22 | 0.8661 | 32 |
| M22 | 1.5 | 22 | 0.8661 | 32 |
| M24 | 2 | 24 | 0.9499 | 36 |
| M24 | 1.5 | 24 | 0.9499 | 36 |
| M27 | 2 | 27 | 1.063 | 41 |
| M27 | 1.5 | 27 | 1.063 | 41 |
| M30 | 2 | 30 | 1.1811 | 46 |
| M30 | 1.5 | 30 | 1.1811 | 46 |
| M33 | 2 | 33 | 1.2992 | 50 |
| M33 | 1.5 | 33 | 1.2992 | 50 |
| M36 | 3 | 36 | 1.4173 | 55 |
| M36 | 1.5 | 36 | 1.4173 | 55 |
| M39 | 3 | 39 | 1.5354 | 60 |
| M42 | 3 | 42 | 1.6535 | 65 |
| M45 | 3 | 45 | 1.7717 | 70 |
| M48 | 3 | 48 | 1.8898 | 75 |
| M52 | 3 | 52 | 2.0472 | 80 |
| M56 | 4 | 56 | 2.2047 | 85 |
| M60 | 4 | 60 | 2.3622 | 90 |
| M64 | 4 | 64 | 2.5197 | 95 |
| M68 | 4 | 68 | 2.6772 | 100 |
| M72 | 4 | 72 | 2.8346 | 105 |
| M76 | 4 | 76 | 2.9921 | 110 |
| M80 | 4 | 80 | 3.1496 | 115 |
| M85 | 4 | 85 | 3.3464 | 120 |
| M90 | 4 | 90 | 3.5433 | 130 |
| M100 | 4 | 100 | 3.9370 | 145 |
| M110 | 4 | 110 | 4.3307 | 155 |
| M125 | 4 | 125 | 4.9212 | 180 |
NOMINAL DIAMETER (NOMINAL BOLT DIAMETER)
The diameter equal to the external diameter of the threads or the overall diameter of the part. (Nominal diameter is more of a label than a size. For example, a bolt and nut may be described as being ½” diameter. But neither the external threads of the bolt nor the internal threads of the nut are exactly .500 in diameter. In fact, the bolt diameter is a little smaller and the nut diameter a little larger. But it is easier to specify the components by a single size designation since the bolt and nut are mating components.)
PITCH (THREAD PITCH)
Pitch is the distance from the crest of one thread to the next or the distance from one thread groove to the next, measured from crest to crest. Pitch is also described as the number of threads per inch.
DIAMETER (BODY DIAMETER)
The smallest or largest pitch diameter that fits onto a screw or into a nut, including all of the form deviations such as lead, thread angle, taper, and roundness. Functional diameter is a measure of the ability to assemble the thread.
THREAD (BOLT THREADS)
A raised, helical rib or ridge around the interior or exterior of a cylindrically shaped object. Threads are found on screws, nuts, and bolts.
THREADS PER INCH
The decimal equivalent of the number of threads in an inch.
COARSE THREADS & FINE THREADS
Coarse threads are those with larger pitch (fewer threads per axial distance), and fine threads are those with smaller pitch (more threads per axial distance). Coarse threads have a larger threadform relative to screw diameter, whereas fine threads have a smaller threadform relative to screw diameter.
NUMBER & SIZE OF BOLTS FOR FL ANGED JOINTS-
ASME B16.5 Lengths of studs and bolts, when used with lap joint flanges, are dependent upon the thickness of the lap of the stub end. Stud-Bolt lengths do not include the height of the points.
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